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Interior view of the stacked pair of "wall plates" in the west eaves wall which are, functionally, relieving lintels carrying wall, floor, and framing loads to the masonry piers and wall ranges abutting the kitchen windows [and door "abutments" in the east eaves wall]. The upper plate also served as the bearing and leveling timber for the first floor joists.
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B&W Digital photographic image of DeTurk House showing interior view of 1st floor eastern window with severely deflected timber sill and adjacent masonry (since restored and leveled).
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Digital photograph showing detail view of lower segment of DTR09PH50--1001.01.134, showing receding water table. Water table at kitchen door sill dropped about 6 inches during 3 days without rain. Pumping after heavy rainfall had only temporary effect on lowering the water table inside or outside the entry threshold because of the continuous percolation
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Interior view of door sill and jamb feet [detail of DTR09PH52--1001.01.136]. The restored south jamb is set on the original stone door sill, which exhibits a full-width transverse fracture [visible between plank and left (north) door jamb]. This fracture is probably related to the deflection and dislocations in the east kitchen wall masonry and timber suppor
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Exterior view of restored east cellar door sill and jambs. The stone sill [original] was shifted 2-3 inches to the right [north] to accommodate the adjusted jamb alignments [see DTR09PH4--1001.01.124 for discussion of the effects of this relocation of the sill on the relationship between the doorway jambs, lintel, sill, abutments and hood outlookers, and DTR
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Interior view of southern end of original stone sill [center left] and foundation of vault abutment pier [right half of photo] at east entry to ground-level kitchen. Irregular block in upper left corner is a later plinth ["pedestal stone"] for the south door jamb, with barely visible anchor-pin mortise [small brown circle just to right of mossy green face of
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East kitchen door sills and jamb plinths. The half-millstone stoop{1} visible here extending from barrow wheel at left across upper half of photo [see DTR09PH43--1001.01.127] is higher than the earliest entry elevation; the later plinth-blocks [right center and lower left] are set on the original (split) sill at bottom of photo, which is 6-7 inches above
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B&W Digital photographic image of DeTurk House showing cellar door at lower-eastern grade.
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East kitchen cellar entry after excavation to the original stone door sill. The half-millstone stoop [location detail in photo DTR09PH44--1001.01.128 and see note {1} to DTR09PH41--1001.01.125] along the lower edge of the photo [left of the barrow's wheel] is at an intermediate elevation between the original door-sill [with dark transverse split] and the
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Detail of stone door sill at lower ground level kitchen doorway in east eaves wall.
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Exterior portion of masonry drain-tunnel from DeTurk cellar-kitchen. Further excavation at this site uncovered stones aligned with the skewed course of the tunnel through the wall [see DTR09PH85--1001.01.174--right edge of photo], indicating a drainage course angled toward the creek. Larry Ward, 2010
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Interior foundation wall under east kitchen window after removal of displaced stonework. The interior layer of stones will be re-laid and the deformed inner oak sill replicated in its original form [see DTR09PH11--1001.01.092 for pre-restoration view of this sill].
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Interior view (inlet) of enlarged drain opening prior to restoration of masonry "tunnel" through east wall of lower ground-level kitchen. This drain-inlet site and the 1970s terra-cotta pipe through the north gable wall [see DTR09PH82--1001.01.171 left side of photo] were buried under the stratified floor-fill (see DTR09PH14--1001.01.095 for a pre-restora
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The earthen layers appearing in these two photos, of varying compositions of clay, sand, gravel, and [probably] floor sweepings, document the incremental raising of the floor levels in the kitchen and "root" cellars as occasional creek floods, and frequent water table incursions, inundated the working kitchen and food storage areas. Brick floor paving and fi
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Pencil field notes with dimensioned section sketches indicating extent of termite damage to summer beam in lower level kitchen of DeTurk house. Sketches show substantial damage to central core of beam throughout its entire length.
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Limestone vein ["shelf" or "bench"] in bed of Little Manatawny Creek east [downstream] from the DeTurk House. This bedrock layer ["shelf"] forms the natural bedrock "footings"{1} bearing the foundation walls of the house, which has been more accurately described as an "ancillary," multi-purpose structure, acknowledging its affiliation with the original (expa
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Restored masonry pier south of kitchen door jamb. The restoration masons have retained or inserted large stone "key" blocks projecting from the north-south plane of the wall for bonding with a possible future restored retaining wall. This cross-bonding takes advantage of the interlocking angles and reciprocal bearing surfaces of the stones forming the wal
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Exterior view of low retaining wall abutting the high retaining wall which meets the upper grade rising to the south of the kitchen doorway. This restored wall segment [lighter parging to the right] is laid with bed mortar but no pointing in the exposed joints. The upper surface is parged, as was the unrestored section [darker parging to the left] and sloped
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Digital photographic print showing displaced wall-stone at grade, and joint fracture in western wall. Image depicts conditions existing immediately prior to and necessitating the 2009 restoration of building. This is a low resolution image (72 ppi).
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East cellar wall pier between doorway and window prior to restoration. View from inside the lower ground-level kitchen showing excavation to base blocks set on bedrock, the natural "footings"{1} underpinning the foundations. Further excavation, conducted within archaeological screening methods, will be undertaken to determine the extent of instability in
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Half millstone stoop removed from intermediate elevation outside DeTurk kitchen doorway [see DTR09PH43--001.01.127, bottom edge of photo, and DTR09PH44--1001.01.128, taken from inside the doorway and showing the position of the millstone approximately 8 inches above the original stone sill at the bottom of the photo]. This furrowed millstone was probably cut
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Interior detail view of the northern header mortised to receive the outlooker tenon. The remnants of the previous outlooker have been removed preparatory to fabricating a replacement. (See records DTR09PH108, …111, and …115 showing installation of replacement outlookers). This header [sometimes “anchor beam” in the British tradition] is an original and i
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Replaced oak sill inside DeTurk House kitchen window in east eaves wall, installed in April and May, 2010 in conjunction with repointing of surrounding stonework with mortar consisting of the traditional mixture of lime, local sand, and a small percentage of cement [an increased percentage of “Portland” cement is introduced below the high water table level].
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Oak corner tie joined to wall plate at NW corner. See discussion to DT09PH93--1001.01.185. Restoration and preservation will include consolidation of the oak plates through application of best-practice preservation materials and methods. Larry Ward, 2010
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